SINGULAR AXIS SELF BALANCING ROBOT

In this paper, we presented the Balance model as a singular axis self balancing robot that is capable of adjusting itself with respect to changes in weight and position. We developed the Balance System from a single servo and a single accelerometer. The stability of the system is to show the capabilities of the ATMega8 in doing PID loops even with limited accuracy in position readings. PID control system is designed to monitor the motors so as to keep the system in equilibrium. It should be easily reproducible given the right parts and code

Frequency reconfigurable rectangular patch antenna for cognitive radio applications

A frequency reconfigurable microstrip transformed rectangular patch antenna consisting of two slots able to radiate in S-band and C-band is proposed. Spectrum occupancy is first analyzed using the data from literature and internet sources and hence spectrum holes are identified. A rectangular radiating patch is then designed for 5.8 GHz resonant frequency. A coaxial feed is used in the bottom by a suitable feed point. Two slots at an angle of +45 degree are made at the two corners. The electrical length of the patch is changed by using two varactor diodes in the slots. The varactors enable frequency reconfiguration in the band of frequencies that are unused or the spectral occupancy is very less. The return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and 2D-radiation patterns are analyzed for various values of the capacitances. high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) is used for simulation. FR4 substrate which is economical, is used with height, h=1.6 mm, width W=25.33 mm, and length L=21.34 mm. On the substrate the rectangular patch is of width 15.73 mm and length 11.74 mm. The return loss and radiation patterns for different values of capacitances is presented. The tunability ratio obtained is 1.93. The results obtained agree with the standards

Scene Based Text Recognition From Natural Images and Classification Based on Hybrid CNN Models with Performance Evaluation

Similar to the recognition of captions, pictures, or overlapped text that typically appears horizontally, multi-oriented text recognition in video frames is challenging since it has high contrast related to its background. Multi-oriented form of text normally denotes scene text which makes text recognition further stimulating and remarkable owing to the disparaging features of scene text. Hence, predictable text detection approaches might not give virtuous outcomes for multi-oriented scene text detection. Text detection from any such natural image has been challenging since earlier times, and significant enhancement has been made recently to execute this task. While coming to blurred, low-resolution, and small-sized images, most of the previous research conducted doesn’t work well; hence, there is a research gap in that area. Scene-based text detection is a key area due to its adverse applications. One such primary reason for the failure of earlier methods is that the existing methods could not generate precise alignments across feature areas and targets for those images. This research focuses on scene-based text detection with the aid of YOLO based object detector and a CNN-based classification approach. The experiments were conducted in MATLAB 2019A, and the packages used were RESNET50, INCEPTIONRESNETV2, and DENSENET201. The efficiency of the proposed methodology - Hybrid resnet -YOLO procured maximum accuracy of 91%, Hybrid inceptionresnetv2 -YOLO of 81.2%, and Hybrid densenet201 -YOLO of 83.1% and was verified by comparing it with the existing research works Resnet50 of 76.9%, ResNet-101 of 79.5%, and ResNet-152 of 82%

3D MODELLING AND DESIGNING OF DEXTO:EKA:

The presented paper is concerned with designing of a low-cost, easy to use, intuitive interface for the control of a slave anthropomorphic teleo- operated robot. Tele-operator “masters”, that operate in real-time with the robot, have ranged from simple motion capture devices, to more complex force reflective exoskeletal masters. Our general design approach has been to begin with the definition of desired objective behaviours, rather than the use of available components with their predefined technical specifications. With the technical specifications of the components necessary to achieve the desired behaviours defined, the components are either acquired, or in most cases, developed and built. The control system, which includes the operation of feedback approaches, acting in collaboration with physical machinery, is then defined and implemented

A conceptual framework of adaptive architecture: A cybernetics approach to bio-inspired strategies

This thesis develops the conceptual framework of adaptive architecture, where adaptability is defined by the capacity of an organism or a system to act in response to variations in natural conditions. This research considers how living beings catch, convert, store and process energy, water and daylight. It asks how does nature chill off, warm up, give shade, and control light. In contrast with living creatures, buildings are ordinarily considered as static, lifeless objects. However, a building's environment and its inward conditions are dynamic, and there exists the potential to use inspiration and examples from nature to cultivate greater adaptability of the façade for upgraded building performance. To implement this process of adaptability in architecture one needs to understand the change and a sense of intelligence that architecture must possess. This research examines principles of cybernetics, to learn from it, and to establish a bridge between intelligence and architecture that can lead to adaptability. Cybernetics can help bridge organic and inorganic aspects of architecture and machines. This thesis will help develop a better understanding of climate adaptive architecture and other disciplines contribution to it. Essentially, architects need to develop an understanding of the framework that involves design computation, intelligent environment and role of nature coming together for achieving adaptive architecture while it addresses the issue of climate changeM.S

SINGULAR AXIS SELF BALANCING ROBOT

Abstract -In this paper, we presented the Balance model as a singular axis self balancing robot that is capable of adjusting itself with respect to changes in weight and position. We developed the Balance System from a single servo and a single accelerometer. The stability of the system is to show the capabilities of the ATMega8 in doing PID loops even with limited accuracy in position readings. PID control system is designed to monitor the motors so as to keep the system in equilibrium. It should be easily reproducible given the right parts and code

The convergence of budding reckoning Soft computing technologies

Soft Computing methodologies represents the amalgamation of promising problem - solving technologies such as Neural Networks (NNs), Fuzzy Logic (FL), Probabilistic Reasoning (PR) and Genetic Algorithms (GAs) . We present a collection of tools and methods that can be used to perform diagnostics, estimation, and control. These tools are an enormous match for real - world applications that are characterized by imprecise, uncertain data and incomplete domain knowledge. Each of these technologies offer us with complementary reasoning and sear ching methods to solve complex problems. In this paper after a brief description of each of these technologies, we will analyze some of their most useful combinations, such as the use of FL to control GAs and NNs parameters; the application of GAs to evolv e NNs or to tune FL controllers; and the implementation of FL controllers as NNs tuned by back propagation - type algorithms . We summarize the recompense of SC techniques and in particular the synergy derived from the use of hybrid SC system

Susceptibility of Multi-Drug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs), Isolated from Cases of Urinary Tract Infection to Fosfomycin (The New Antibiotic) vis-a-vis Other Antimicrobial Agents

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infections encountered in the hospital. Most of the hospital UTIs are caused by MDROs. There is scarcity of available drugs to treat MDR infections. In this scenario, reevaluation of the old antimicrobial agents is being done. Fosfomycin is one such old molecule. The studies suggest that Fosfomycin may provide a useful option for the treatment of patients with the MDR/XDR difficult-to-treat infections.Materials and Methods: Urine samples (including catheter samples) were collected in sterile containers; cultured on CHROME agar, using calibrated loop; colony count was done in positive cultures; identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of the organism was done by VITEK2 compact system. Susceptibility pattern of antimicrobial agents used for treatment of UTI including Fosfomycin was analyzed.Results: Of the 502 urinary MDRO isolates, 74.9% were ESBLs and 29.49% were CROs. MDRO susceptibility was 88% to Fosfomycin, 70.52% to Ertapenem, 53.98% to Nitrofurantoin, 37.05% to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, 22.31% to Norfloxacin, 20.91% to Ciprofloxacin, and 10.96% to Ampicillin respectively.Discussion: Gupta et al.10 reported 52.6% E. coli urinary isolates to be ESBLs and all were susceptible to Fosfomycin. In the present study, 76.8% Escherichia coli isolates were ESBLs and 98.5% only were susceptible to Fosfomycin

Endocrine Conditions in Neurofibromatosis 1

Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) is an autosomal-dominant multisystemic neurocutaneous disorder primarily affecting the skin, bone and the nervous system. It has been long appreciated that NF1 is often associated with endocrine disorders. In this chapter, we will discuss the endocrine disorders associated with NF1. The most common endocrinological disorders in NF1 are short stature with or without growth hormone deficiency, central precocious puberty, growth hormone excess. Less common endocrine-related conditions in NF1 include gynecomastia, diencephalic syndrome and the presence of endocrine tumors like pheochromocytoma

A permeability assay for mouse intestinal organoids

Here, we describe an assay for intestinal permeability in mouse intestinal organoids, although this may also be adapted for other species. Propidium iodide (PI) does not penetrate intact biological membranes and thus cannot enter the lumen of intact organoids. Passage of PI within the lumen can be induced by tight junction disruption or epithelial cell death. This technique measures PI-stained extruded dead cells within the organoid lumen to analyze the effect of insults, toxins, or treatments on intestinal organoid permeability